Sports Nutrition - HECO 336.....
Body Weight & Composition
An
Overview of Body Mass & Composition
Methods
of Determining Body Composition
What body compostion can tell us
The Bod
Pod - Air Displacement
Futrex - Near Infrared Measurement
Body weight
Those
Height & Weight Charts From MetLife
BMI
Weight Distribution/ Weight to Hip Ratio
Apple
Pear
Causes
Medical Treatment
Surgical treatment
Lifestyle Treatment
Weight
Loss Fads and Gimmicks
Ma Huang [ephedrine] and
caffeine
Combinations of these two
drugs are used in some herbal weight loss products. Some animal studies
have shown slight weight loss with these products which both stimulate
the central nervous system [CNS]. However, individually or in combination
they may raise heart rate and blood pressure, thus being inappropriate
for anyone with hypertension or cardiovascular disease.
Chitosan
Chitosan is from the
exoskelaton of shellfish. It is not digestible and combines with
some lipids in the digestive tract to prevent their absorption thus, reducing
total fat absorption. However it may also inhibit fat soluble vitamin
absorption or medications that are fat based. Should not be
consummed with OleanTM which is also
unabsorbable and may reduce fat soluble vitamin uptake. Over or excess
use may cause gastrointestinal distress.
Underweight
Gaining Weight or ìBulking-Upî
I. Metabolic Status of Low Weight Individuals
A. Genetic Background
1. family hx of leanness
B. Metabolic Considerations
1. high resting metabolic rate
2. hyper thyroid [graves disease]
3. malabsorption
C. Activity Level
1. inadequate rest
2. excessive physical activity
D. Dietary Considerations
1. inadequate kcal intake
2. dietary composition
3. increased kcal needs, eg.., growth
II. Making Muscle
A. Exercise Principles
1. overload
2. progressive resistance
3. specificity of training
4. exercise sequence
5. recuperation
B. Diet
1. kilocalories needed : range of 2,500
- 3,000 or = 2,800 kcal
2. daily intake = 400 kcal
a. kcal composition
[1] CHO / Pro / Fat ?
III. Supplements
A. Protein
1. natural eg., lactoalbumin, egg albumin
2. synthesized
3. branched chain amino acids - leucine, isoleucine,
valine
4. individual amino acids
a. arginine & ornithine
B. Chromium Picolinate
C. Dibencozide
D. Gamma-Oryzanol
E. Ferulic Acid
IV. Drugs
A. Anabolic Steroids
1. mechanism
2. hazards
B. Growth Hormone
1. mechanism
2. hazards
References
Lemon, P.W.R., [1991] Protein and amino acid needs of strength
athletes. Int. J. Sport Nutr. 1:127-145.
Poortmans, J.R. [1988] Protein metabolism. In Principles of Exercise Biochemistry. J.R. Poortmans [ed.] Basel, Karger pp164-193.
Wheeler, K.B. and K.A. Garleb [1991] Gamma oryzanol-plant sterol supplementation: metabolic, endocrine and physiologic effects. Int. J. Sport Nutr. 1:170-177.
Williams, M.H. [1988] Weight gaining through proper
nutrition and exercise. In Nutrition for Fitness and Sport.
Wm C. Brown Pub., Dubuque. IA. pp260-275.
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Cardiovascular |